Staging preview: health content pending qualified review
D2C Peptides

Reconstitution and storage

How to reconstitute NAD+

NAD+ is reconstituted by dissolving the vial's white freeze-dried solid in a measured volume of sterile diluent, then labeling the vial and storing it cold and dark. No FDA-approved preparation exists.1 Registered studies used 100 mg in 2 mL of bacteriostatic water or 500 mg in 500 mL of saline.23 FDA reports NAD degrades with light, moisture and room temperature.4

This page summarizes published sources for information only. It is not medical advice and does not tell anyone to use a product. Questions about your own health belong with a licensed clinician. For questions about an order or a product, contact us.

What is in the vial

The vial is sold as 500 mg of NAD+, supplied as a white lyophilized (freeze-dried) solid. No diluent is included; bacteriostatic water is sold separately. Before any math, check the vial label, and the lot's certificate of analysis where available, to confirm the total amount. The worked numbers below assume 500 mg in total per vial. Freeze-drying is also how the NAD+ injection approved in China is supplied: a white to off-white powder or cake in 5 mg vials.7 Vial details and supplies: NAD+ for sale.

Why handling matters for NAD+

  • It breaks down easily. FDA has reported that NAD degrades substantially with light, moisture, alkaline pH or room temperature. FDA added that it would not be stable under ordinary storage without several protective measures.4
  • Pharmacy vials have failed on strength and timing. In 2022, a pharmacy's multi-dose 500 mg NAD+ vials of lyophilized powder were recalled as subpotent or for exceeding their reconstitution time.6
  • Contamination is documented. FDA has warned that food-grade NAD+ sold by repackagers was used to make IV products.8 An unopened vial of one firm's compounded NAD+ measured 3,360 EU/mL of bacterial endotoxins.9 Most of the 14 NAD or NADH recalls in FDA's database cite a lack of sterility assurance.10

Supplies

The supplies listed with the NAD+ vial are Bacteriostatic Water, the 3mL Syringe, Luer-Lok Tip, the 18G 1-Inch Needle, Insulin Syringes and Alcohol Swabs. Bacteriostatic water is the diluent one registered NAD+ study used.2 Each supply page describes the item and how it is handled. General vial technique is in How to reconstitute a peptide vial, and storage basics are in How to store peptides.

Lab steps

  1. Confirm the amount. Read the total NAD+ content on the vial label and note the lot.
  2. Choose a concentration. Decide the mg per mL the work needs, then calculate the diluent volume (see the math below).
  3. Work clean. Use new sterile syringes and needles, and wipe the vial stopper with an alcohol swab before each needle entry. The bacteriostatic water label calls for aseptic technique for every entry into and withdrawal from a container.12 Contamination is a documented problem with NAD+ products: FDA has warned about food-grade NAD+ in IV products, and most NAD recalls cite a lack of sterility assurance.810
  4. Add the diluent. Draw the measured volume of sterile diluent and add it to the vial. Let the solid dissolve completely before drawing any solution. The same label says to check any dissolved drug for clarity and for unexpected particles or discoloration.12
  5. Label the vial. Write the concentration, the diluent, and the date and time of mixing. The 2022 recall over reconstitution time shows why the clock matters.6
  6. Store it cold and dark. Return the vial to cold storage away from light.4

Concentration math

Concentration is the amount in the vial divided by the volume of diluent added:

concentration (mg per mL) = mg in the vial รท mL of diluent

For a vial holding 500 mg in total:

Diluent added Concentration NAD+ in 0.1 mL
2 mL 250 mg/mL 25 mg
2.5 mL 200 mg/mL 20 mg
5 mL 100 mg/mL 10 mg
10 mL 50 mg/mL 5 mg

To find the volume that holds a set amount, divide that amount by the concentration. At 100 mg/mL, for example, 0.25 mL holds 25 mg. The study preparations follow the same arithmetic. One trial's 100 mg in 2 mL is 50 mg/mL.2 Another's 500 mg in 500 mL of saline is 1 mg/mL.3 A 750 mg infusion over 6 hours works out to about 2 mg per minute.5 The table is arithmetic only. The sources do not say how concentrated NAD+ can be made or how long any concentration stays stable. The reconstitution calculator and the peptide calculator run these steps for any vial size.

Storage before and after mixing

  • No verified shelf life. The sources for this page contain no tested shelf life or storage temperature for research NAD+ vials. Follow the vial label and record the date the vial arrived.
  • Before mixing. Given FDA's findings on light, moisture and temperature, keep the sealed vial frozen or refrigerated, dry and dark.4
  • After mixing. No stability data for reconstituted research NAD+ were found in the sources for this page, so no tested use-by time exists. The bacteriostatic water label says to use dissolved drugs promptly and not to store them unless the drug's maker directs otherwise.12 A written mixing date and time lets each vial be tracked.

What is published on subcutaneous NAD+ injections

Human data on subcutaneous NAD+ injections come from one small trial. A registered pilot (NCT06919328) gave 100 mg of NAD+ in 2 mL of bacteriostatic water by subcutaneous injection, by intramuscular injection or by IV push.2 Its 2026 preprint reported 4 to 6 adults per NAD+ group and similar tolerability for subcutaneous NAD+ and nicotinamide riboside.11 It found no attributable unexpected adverse events.11 The trial's registered title includes absorption, but the preprint reports a preliminary safety analysis that is not yet peer reviewed.211 No route or dose of NAD+ is FDA-approved,1 and this page covers lab preparation only, not how to give an injection.

Related pages: What is NAD+?, NAD+ dosage, NAD+ side effects and NAD+ benefits and uses.

More on NAD+

  • NAD+ benefits and uses

    What published sources report about NAD+ and its uses, with the evidence level of each finding. No promises.

  • NAD+ side effects

    Side effects of NAD+ as reported in clinical trials and published studies, with links to the full profile. Reviewed by a qualified reviewer.

  • NAD+ dosage

    Published dosing information for NAD+ from clinical trials and published studies, with its source, and why it is not advice for you.

NAD+ in the store

NAD+ for sale: strengths, stock and shipping are on the product page.

For research use only. Not for human or veterinary use. Read the research use policy.

Frequently asked questions

How do you reconstitute a 100 mg or 1,000 mg NAD+ vial?

NAD+ is not an FDA-approved drug, so there is no approved method, and the diluent volume is a lab choice.1 The math is the amount in the vial divided by the diluent volume. One registered study dissolved 100 mg of NAD+ in 2 mL of bacteriostatic water, which gives 50 mg per mL.2 By the same arithmetic, 1,000 mg in 10 mL gives 100 mg per mL, and in 20 mL, 50 mg per mL. Confirm the total amount on the vial label first.

How should NAD+ be stored?

Keep it cold, dry and away from light. FDA has reported that NAD degrades with light, moisture, alkaline pH and room temperature.4 FDA added that NAD needs several protective measures to stay stable in ordinary storage.4 The sources reviewed here give no verified shelf life or storage temperature for this vial, so follow the label.

What liquid is NAD+ mixed with?

In the studies reviewed here, bacteriostatic water for 2 mL preparations and saline for IV drips. A registered trial prepared 100 mg of NAD+ in 2 mL of bacteriostatic water.2 Another diluted 500 mg in 500 mL of saline,3 and a 2019 pilot infused 750 mg in normal saline across 6 hours.5 These show how studies prepared NAD+; they are not instructions for people.

Does NAD+ need refrigeration after mixing?

No tested answer exists: the sources reviewed here contain no stability data for reconstituted research NAD+. The bacteriostatic water label says to use dissolved drugs promptly and not to store them unless the drug's maker directs otherwise.12 FDA has reported that NAD breaks down at room temperature.4 In 2022, a pharmacy's 500 mg NAD+ vials were recalled as subpotent or past their reconstitution time.6 Record the date and time of mixing on every vial.

Written by D2C Peptides Editorial Team.

Pending qualified review.

Updated .

Sources

  1. Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (updated March 21, 2025). U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2025.
  2. NCT06919328: Absorption and Tolerability of Injectable Administration of Niagen+ as Compared to NAD+. ClinicalTrials.gov, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2025.
  3. NCT06382688: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing IV Niagen (nicotinamide riboside chloride) with IV NAD+ in healthy adults (arms and outcomes). ClinicalTrials.gov, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2024.
  4. Amendments to the List of Bulk Drug Substances That Can Be Used to Compound Drug Products in Accordance With Section 503A (proposed rule, 84 FR 46688, September 5, 2019): NAD evaluation. Federal Register (U.S. FDA), via govinfo.gov, 2019.
  5. A Pilot Study Investigating Changes in the Human Plasma and Urine NAD+ Metabolome During a 6 Hour Intravenous Infusion of NAD+ (Grant et al.): design and safety. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience (via PMC), 2019.
  6. Drug enforcement report: recall D-0719-2022 (Olympia Pharmacy NAD+ 500 mg vials). openFDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2022.
  7. NCT07839130: The PEDI-NAD Trial: Injectable NAD+ for Pediatric Cardiac Dysfunction (product description). ClinicalTrials.gov, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2026.
  8. FDA reminds compounders to use ingredients suitable for sterile compounding (food-grade NAD+). U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2024.
  9. Warning Letter: GenoGenix LLC (MARCS-CMS 718739), January 20, 2026 (endotoxin and 503B eligibility). U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2026.
  10. Drug enforcement reports: products described as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. openFDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2025.
  11. Preliminary Safety Analysis of Two Pilot Clinical Trials Involving Injections of Niagen, Nicotinamide Riboside Chloride (Nkrumah-Elie et al., preprint): route comparisons. medRxiv (preprint server), 2026.
  12. Bacteriostatic Water for Injection, USP (multiple-dose vial) prescribing information. Hospira, Inc. (Pfizer labeling), 2019.